CFA一級經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)例題解析fiscal policy,market share

發(fā)布時間：2025-06-27 14:16編輯：融躍教育CFA

CFA一級經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)例題解析fiscal policy

Which statement regarding fiscal policy is most accurate?

A. Cyclically adjusted budget deficits are appropriate indicators of fiscal policy.

B. To raise business capital spending, personal income taxes should be reduced.

C. An increase in the budget surplus is associated with expansionary fiscal policy.

答案：A

解析：A is correct. Cyclically adjusted budget deficits are appropriate indicators of fiscal policy. These are defined as the deficit that would exist if the economy was at full employment (or full potential output).

關(guān)聯(lián)考點(diǎn)：Fiscal Policy

易錯點(diǎn)分析：

A結(jié)構(gòu)性預(yù)算赤字（structural budget deficit）又叫周期調(diào)整預(yù)算赤字（cyclically adjusted budget deficit），是充分就業(yè)水平下的赤字，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家把其作為判斷當(dāng)前政府財政政策的基準(zhǔn)；B增加商業(yè)的資本支出，應(yīng)該減少企業(yè)所得稅；C擴(kuò)張性財政政策包括增加財政支出，減少政府收入，這會造成財政赤字的增加。

Aquarius, Inc. is the dominant company and the price leader in its market. One of the other companies in the market attempts to gain market share by undercutting the price set by Aquarius. The market share of Aquarius will most likely:

A increase.

B decrease.

C stay the same.

答案：A

解析：A is correct. As prices decrease,smaller companies will leave the market rather than sell below cost.The market share of Aquarius, the price leader,will increase

關(guān)聯(lián)考點(diǎn)：Firms and Market Structures

易錯點(diǎn)分析：

短期來看，小廠商降價的話，主導(dǎo)廠商能降得更多，因為具有成本優(yōu)勢，而此時能夠在市場上盈利的小廠商將越來越少，一些小廠商將退出市場，因為他們不想以低于成本的價格出售，所以主導(dǎo)廠商的市場份額將增加。